Cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells, influenced by genetic predispositions and various environmental carcinogens. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), lung cancer—accounting for 2.21 million new cases in 2020—is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer globally, following breast cancer. Despite its lower incidence, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality due to its typically late-stage diagnosis and aggressive progression. In Türkiye, lung cancer was the most frequently diagnosed cancer in 2020, with 41,000 new cases, the majority of which were of the non-small cell type.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a severe and progressive lung disorder characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and a consequent decline in lung function. It is recognized as a precancerous condition, significantly increasing the risk of developing lung cancer and contributing to a poorer prognosis and decreased survival rates.

This project proposes the development of an innovative lipid-based nanoparticle formulation designed to simultaneously target lung cancer and PF. The formulation will encapsulate both a chemotherapeutic agent and an anti-fibrotic compound, aiming for a dual therapeutic effect. The nanoparticles will be engineered using a lipid composition that mimics endogenous pulmonary surfactant, enhancing both drug delivery efficiency and nanoparticle stability. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization will be conducted, and the therapeutic potential will be assessed using human lung carcinoma cell lines and healthy lung fibroblast cells.

The ultimate objective of this research is to establish a versatile and effective nanocarrier system for the treatment of both lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis. If successful, the project could pave the way for a promising new therapeutic strategy, with the technology anticipated to reach Technology Readiness Level 4 (TRL 4) upon completion.